Science as an object of faith and distrast: the phenomenon of denialism

Abstract

The author analyzes the phenomenon of denialism (denial of scientific consensus beyond the normative framework of scientific discussion). The intellectual origins (including connection with P. Feyerabend's post-positivism), sociocultural characteristics and political aspects of this phenomenon are discussed. The inseparable connection of denialism with the expansion of the sphere of influence of scientific experts (the so-called "scientific imperialism") is emphasized. The author defends the thesis that denialism is associated with the spread of scientism - non-reflexive trust in science, which is used for unscrupulous manipulations for the purpose of political influence. As an example, she considers the South African expert case related to HIV denial in the early 2000s. The author believes that denialism needs a comprehensive analysis that takes into account the interdependence of its intellectual and socio-political foundations.