ФИЛОСОФСКИЕ ИНТУИЦИИ НА УДИВЛЕНИЕ УСТОЙЧИВЫ К ДЕМОГРАФИЧЕСКИМ РАЗЛИЧИЯМ
Ключевые слова:
метафилософия, экспериментальная философия, демографические различия, интуиции
Аннотация
В современной метафилософской литературе по экспериментальной философии большое внимание уделяется тезису о том, что у представителей различных демографических групп наблюдаются существенные различия в философских интуициях. Некоторые философы утверждают, что этот тезис имеет большое метафилософское значение, другие отрицают это. Однако реальные эмпирические исследования в экспериментальной философии указывают на противоположную тенденцию: интуиции остаются удивительно устойчивыми от группы к группе. До проведения эмпирических исследований казалось правдоподобным, что уникальные интуиции, характерные для одной демографической группы, не проявятся в других демографических группах. Однако эта гипотеза не подтвердилась. Автор статьи цитирует порядка 30 исследований, указывающих на устойчивость интуиций. Он утверждает, что метафилософский анализ результатов работы в экспериментальной философии должен быть направлен на выявление тех следствий, которые влечет за собой эта наблюдаемая тенденция.
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Литература
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Tasimi, A., Gelman, S. A., Cimpian, A., & Knobe, J. “Differences In The Evaluation Of Generic Statements About Human And Non-Human Categories”, Cognitive Science, 2017, vol. 41, no. 7, pp. 1934‒1957.
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2015, vol. 28, no. 5, pp. 615‒641.
Beebe, J.R. & Undercoffer, R.J. “Moral Valence And Semantic Intuitions”, Erkenntnis, 2015, vol. 80, no. 2, pp. 445‒466.
Beebe, J., Qiaoan, R., Wysocki, T. & Endara, M. A. “Moral Objectivism In Cross-Cultural Perspective”, Journal of Cognition and Culture, 2015, vol. 15, pp. 386‒401.
Buckwalter, W. & Stich, S. “Gender And Philosophical Intuition”, in Knobe, J. & Nichols, S. (eds.). Experimental philosophy (Vol. 2). Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015, pp. 307‒346.
Cova, F., Strickland, B., Abatista, A., Allard, A., Andow, J., Attie, M.,... & Cushman, F. “Estimating The Reproducibility Of Experimental Philosophy”, Review of Philosophy and Psychology, 2019. (in print)
De Freitas, J., Sarkissian, H., Newman, G.E., Grossmann, I., De Brigard, F., Luco, A., & Knobe, J. “Consistent Belief In A Good True Self In Misanthropes And Three Interdependent Cultures”, Cognitive Science, 2018, vol. 42, pp. 134‒160.
DeRose, K. The Appearance of Ignorance: Knowledge, Skepticism, and Context (Vol. 2). Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017, 374 pp.
Hannikainen, I., Machery, E., Rose, D., Stich, S., Olivola, C., Sousa, P.... Zhu, J. Sourcehood versus Alternate Possibilities: The Problem of Free Will Throughout 21 Countries. Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro. Unpublished manuscript.
Heiphetz, L., & Young, L.L. “Can Only One Person Be Right? The Development Of Objectivism And Social Preferences Regarding Widely Shared And Controversial Moral Beliefs”, Cognition, 2016, vol. 167, pp. 78‒90.
Kim, M. & Yuan, Y. “No Cross-Cultural Differences In The Gettier Car Case Intuition: A Replication Study Of Weinberg et al. 2001”. Episteme, 2016, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 355‒361.
Leslie, A.M., Knobe, J., & Cohen, A. “Acting Intentionally And The Side-Effect Effect: Theory Of Mind And Moral Judgment”, Psychological Science, 2006, vol. 17, no. 5, pp. 421‒427.
Machery, E., Mallon, R., Nichols, S., & Stich, S.P. “Semantics, Cross-Cultural Style”, Cognition, 2004, vol. 92, no. 3, B1–B12.
Machery, E., Olivola, C. Y., & De Blanc, M. “Linguistic And Metalinguistic Intuitions In The Philosophy Of Language”, Analysis, 2009, vol. 69, no. 4, pp. 689‒694.
Machery, E., Stich, S., Rose, D., Chatterjee, A., Karasawa, K., Struchiner, N.,... & Hashimoto, T. “Gettier Across Cultures 1”, Noûs, 2017, vol. 51, no. 3, pp. 645‒664.
Nagel, J., San Juan, V., & Mar, R.A. “Lay Denial Of Knowledge For Justified True Beliefs”, Cognition, 2013, vol. 129, no. 3, pp. 652‒661.
Nichols, S. & Folds-Bennett, T. “Are Children Moral Objectivists? Children’s Judgments About Moral And Response-Dependent Properties”, Cognition, 2003, vol. 90, no. 2, B23–B32.
Nichols, S. “The Folk Psychology Of Free Will: Fits And Starts”, Mind & Language, 2004, vol. 19, no. 5, pp. 473‒502.
Pellizzoni, S., Siegal, M., & Surian, L. “The Contact Principle And Utilitarian Moral Judgments In Young Children”, Developmental Science,2010, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 265‒270.
Rose, D., Machery, E., Stich, S., Alai, M., Angelucci, A., Berniūnas, R.,... & Cohnitz, D. “Nothing At Stake In Knowledge”, Noûs. (in press).
Samland, J., Josephs, M., Waldmann, M.R., & Rakoczy, H. “The Role Of Prescriptive Norms And Knowledge In Children’s And Adults’ Causal Selection”, Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 2016, vol. 145, no. 2, pp. 125‒130.
Sarkissian, H., Park, J., Tien, D., Wright, J. C., & Knobe, J. “Folk Moral Relativism”, Mind & Language, 2011, vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 482‒505.
Sarkissian, H., Chatterjee, A., De Brigard, F., Knobe, J., Nichols, S., & Sirker, S. “Is Belief In Free Will A Cultural Universal?”, Mind & Language, 2010, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 346‒358.
Seyedsayamdost, H. “On Gender And Philosophical Intuition: Failure Of Replication And Other Negative Results”, Philosophical Psychology, 2015, vol. 28(5), pp. 642‒673.
Seyedsayamdost, H. “On Normativity And Epistemic Intuitions: Failure Of Replication”, Episteme, 2015, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 95‒116.
Tasimi, A., Gelman, S. A., Cimpian, A., & Knobe, J. “Differences In The Evaluation Of Generic Statements About Human And Non-Human Categories”, Cognitive Science, 2017, vol. 41, no. 7, pp. 1934‒1957.
Yuan, Y. & Kim, M. Cross-Cultural Universality of Knowledge Attributions. Unpublished manuscript. Yale University.
Опубликован
2019-09-09
Как цитировать
Ноуб Д. ФИЛОСОФСКИЕ ИНТУИЦИИ НА УДИВЛЕНИЕ УСТОЙЧИВЫ К ДЕМОГРАФИЧЕСКИМ РАЗЛИЧИЯМ // Эпистемология и философия науки. 2019. Т. 56. № 2. С. 29-36.
Раздел
Panel Discussion
