О метафизике и методе, или как читать «Новый органон» Фрэнсиса Бэкона

  • Дана Жалобяну Университет Бухареста
Ключевые слова: Фрэнсис Бэкон, метафизика, метод, индукция, формирование понятий, Novum organum

Аннотация

В данной статье рассматривается широко обсуждаемая проблема взаимодействия между спекулятивным (т.е. метафизическим) и операциональным (т.е. методологическим) пластами бэконовской философии. Я предлагаю разделить различные решения этой проблемы на три категории. К первой категории я отношу работы, в которых полагается, что практика бэконовских исследований является отражением его динамической метафизики. Ко второй категории относятся те, кто считает, что более "научные" работы Бэкона раскрывают некоторые внутренние метафизические слои и пресуппозиции его философии. Третья категория рассматривает экспериментальные исследования Бэкона как попытки "исправить" метафизику, переопределив понятия метафизического происхождения. Обсуждая эти три вида интерпретаций, я показываю, что именно третье направление интерпретации является наиболее плодотворным для более глубокого понимания сложного процесса построения теории в естественной и экспериментальной истории Бэкона. Этот тезис будет проиллюстрирован на примерах "восходящей" стратегии формирования понятий в "Новом органоне".

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Опубликован
2021-12-10
Как цитировать
Жалобяну Д. О метафизике и методе, или как читать «Новый органон» Фрэнсиса Бэкона // Эпистемология и философия науки. 2021. Т. 58. № 3. С. 98-118.