ПРЕОДОЛЕТЬ КУНА: О НЕКОТОРЫХ ПРЕДПОСЫЛКАХ РАССМОТРЕНИЯ КОМПЬЮТЕРНОЙ РЕВОЛЮЦИИ КАК РЕВОЛЮЦИИ В МАТЕМАТИКЕ

  • Владислав Алексеевич Шапошников Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова
Ключевые слова: философия математики, философия математической практики, революции в математике, компьютерная революция, плюрализм в науке, Т. Кун, П. Галисон, Я. Хакинг

Аннотация

Статья посвящена новой исследовательской оптике в философии науки, развитие которой в 1980-90-е гг. позволяет посмотреть на параллельно происходившую компьютерную революцию как на революцию в математике. Огромная популярность концепции научных революций Т. Куна сделала неизбежной потребность в преодолении ее во многих отношениях. В статье выделено два таких направления: смещение внимания с теоретических на инструментальные и с локальных («малых») на глобальные («большие») революции. Компьютерная революция рассматривается как характерный пример глобальной инструментальной научной революции. Эти изменения ракурса в пост-куновской трактовке научных революций коррелятивны общей тенденции, состоящей в переходе к более плюралистическому и трансдисциплинарному образу науки, в частности, не поощряющего отрыв математики от других наук. Этот новый образ создает подходящие условия для распознавания материально-технических революций в истории математики. В частности, компьютерная революция может быть увидена как революция в математике par excellence.

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Опубликован
2020-01-03
Как цитировать
Шапошников В. А. ПРЕОДОЛЕТЬ КУНА: О НЕКОТОРЫХ ПРЕДПОСЫЛКАХ РАССМОТРЕНИЯ КОМПЬЮТЕРНОЙ РЕВОЛЮЦИИ КАК РЕВОЛЮЦИИ В МАТЕМАТИКЕ // Эпистемология и философия науки. 2020. Т. 56. № 3. С. 169-185.
Раздел
Case studies - Science Studies